Explain How Othellos and Iagos Relationship Leads to...

Explain how Othello’s and Iago’s relationship leads to tragedy? The most influential writer in English literature ‘William Shakespeare’ born 1564 wrote many plays comedies and sonnets. I will be talking about one of Shakespeares most popular play which is ‘Othello’. Othello has a long and successful stage history and was one of the first plays to be performed since the 1660’s. Othello has never gone in and out of fashion like some of Shakespeare other plays. This is possibly because of their universal theme which is love and how the play has a narrow focus on three characters, Othello, Iago and Desdemona. The main focus of this essay is on the relationship of the Moor Othello, a valiant and a respected general, with Iago who is†¦show more content†¦He trust Iago tremendously which leads to tragedy later on in the play. Othello says â€Å"honest Iago, my Desdemona must i leave to thee† Othello is trusting Iago to look after Desdemona and leaves her with him. This shows how much Othello trust Iago t hat he even leaves his wife with such a man. This is the main aspect in which their relationship is based on. Othello depends on Iago too much. He expects Iago to get him all the answers to the questions Iago raised in his minds. He depended on Iago to get him the ocular proof that there is a relationship which is more friendship between the two of them. If Othello wanted he could’ve got the proof himself or even got to know the truth by simply asking Desdemona, but he didn’t because he relied on Iago to do the job which caused more problems because Iago was already trying to cause a drift between the two of them or to be more precise he wanted Desdemona dead â€Å"do it with not poison, strangle her in her bed-even the bed she hath contaminated†, Iago is telling Othello how to kill Desdemona. This again shows that Othello really trusts Iago and will do anything he says. Iago plays upon Othellos own fears and reinforces those fears with lies and innuendo (hints). Iago manipulates the situation so that Casio is in a position to ask Desdemona for aid. He then stands by Othellos side, professing concern for his friend, and questioning Desdemonas fidelity because she spoke for Casio. By stealing DesdemonasShow MoreRelatedThe Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare Essay1537 Words   |  7 PagesDrake Usher Ms. Zamanis Honors English II March 18, 2016 Othello Essay â€Å"The Tragedy of Othello,† by William Shakespeare, is about the tragic downfall of a once great man named Othello by the manipulation of Iago, the antagonist of the story. However, a deeper meaning of Othello could be â€Å"[It] is a tragedy of incomprehension, not at the level on intrigue but at the deepest level of human dealings. No one in Othello come to understand himself or anyone else.† It is debated on whether or not this isRead MoreThe Significance of Act 3 Scene 3 of William Shakespeares Othello1606 Words   |  7 Pagesthe same plot but some of the characters and themes in the play were very different. The play itself is a tragedy and includes the things that Aristotle defined as what a tragedy should include. Firstly, a protagonist, this is Othello. He is the protagonist as the play shows the story of his fall from a place of eminence as is required in all tragedies according to Aristotle. Othello is a tragic hero in that he portrays a man with much greatness. Othello also hasRead More The Character of Iago in Shakespeares Othello Essay1620 Words   |  7 Pagesstate that Iagos actions are motiveless and that he is a purely evil character.   However, during the course of this paper, certain motives for Iagos actions will be discussed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   For the first motive to be understood the reader must become knowledgeable of Othellos heritage and the setting of the play.   Othello is a Moslem from North Africa.   He is living in Venice.   He is the leader of the Venetian forces.   Anthony Burgess, a Shakespearean critic, believes that Othellos color hasRead MoreThe Dynamic Relationship Of Shakespeare s Play, Bargains With Fate : Psychological Crises And Conflicts1196 Words   |  5 PagesThe dynamic relationship in this play between two characters is a struggling guide to realizing what motivated the cause of this tragedy. I believe that Iago’s behavior is psychologically motivated. Understanding the relationship takes much study not only on their relationship, but on the motivation of Iago. Shakespeare left the play entirely unclear on the reasoning behind Iago’s villainous ways. Numerous psychoanalytic spectators have tried to explain Iago’s behavior. One, for example, is latentRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1273 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Shakespeare’s Othello would not be a dramatic tragedy if the smiling villain, Iago, were a deaf mute. There is no doubt that the destruction of each character can be blamed on jealous Iago. The theme of jealousy helps propel the plot naturally and demonstrates the consequences of being morbidly jealous. The circumstantial evidence Iago provides acts like a lethal poison, which surrounds Othello in suspicion and envy but also turns him into an inhuman murderer. Jealousy is the ‘monster’ thatRead MoreLove and Desdemona2800 Words   |  12 Pagesof love. Trust is one of the main factors needed to determine a healthy, loving relationship. In William Shakespeares Othello, the main character Othello is unable to trust his new bride Desdemona. In act one, scene three, Desdem the all the actsOthello, the central character of William Shakespeares play is an excellent lea der but a poor reasoner and foolish lover. The tragedy of `Othello is largely due to Othellos personality and life experience. Othello believes himself to be loved and respectedRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1454 Words   |  6 Pagesneed for control, not only in politics but in intimate relationships, is an equalizing force among humans of different races, backgrounds, and societal status. Othello conveys a theme that all humans – even those considered outsiders, even those in powerful positions – are vulnerable to destruction through their own lusts, jealousies, and desires. While, Othello is written as a tragic character, it is important to note that the source of his tragedy was not his color or background, but his human weaknessesRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1178 Words   |  5 Pagesas good and Iago as evil, but Iago and Othello’s relationship also shares a distrust of their wives. The overall logical argument is based on love, jealou sy and betrayal between two lovers that ultimately leads to their separation because of Iago’s evil plan. I am using this article to agree with Berry s view on how Iago separates two lovers just so he can take retaliation on Othello by manipulating everyone to unmasking their true intentions. He knows how to ask the right questions and say theRead More The Issue of Race in Othello Essay examples3237 Words   |  13 PagesJonathan Miller asserted that Othellos race does not greatly impact his downfall in the play.   He maintains that while Shakespeare touches upon the issue of race, the cause of Othellos demise lies elsewhere.1   However, the implications of race in the play directly lead to its tragic ending; it is this issue that impels the characters to set the tragedy in motion.   Brabantio would never revolt against the union of Othello and Desdemona if it were not for Othellos blackness.   Roderigo could neverRead MoreThe Two Sides of Othello1111 Words   |  5 Pagespossibility of his new bride’s infidelity, Othello does not know how to confront and control these n ew emotions. Othello’s lack of understanding of his personal self and emotions leads to his downfall and tragedy within the play. Shakespeare uses Othello to illustrate that one’s public reputation holds no merit if he is unable to understand and confront his emotions and personal actions. In Act I, Shakespeare establishes Othello’s public persona. Othello has served in the military since he was seven

Explain How Othellos and Iagos Relationship Leads to...

Explain how Othello’s and Iago’s relationship leads to tragedy? The most influential writer in English literature ‘William Shakespeare’ born 1564 wrote many plays comedies and sonnets. I will be talking about one of Shakespeares most popular play which is ‘Othello’. Othello has a long and successful stage history and was one of the first plays to be performed since the 1660’s. Othello has never gone in and out of fashion like some of Shakespeare other plays. This is possibly because of their universal theme which is love and how the play has a narrow focus on three characters, Othello, Iago and Desdemona. The main focus of this essay is on the relationship of the Moor Othello, a valiant and a respected general, with Iago who is†¦show more content†¦He trust Iago tremendously which leads to tragedy later on in the play. Othello says â€Å"honest Iago, my Desdemona must i leave to thee† Othello is trusting Iago to look after Desdemona and leaves her with him. This shows how much Othello trust Iago t hat he even leaves his wife with such a man. This is the main aspect in which their relationship is based on. Othello depends on Iago too much. He expects Iago to get him all the answers to the questions Iago raised in his minds. He depended on Iago to get him the ocular proof that there is a relationship which is more friendship between the two of them. If Othello wanted he could’ve got the proof himself or even got to know the truth by simply asking Desdemona, but he didn’t because he relied on Iago to do the job which caused more problems because Iago was already trying to cause a drift between the two of them or to be more precise he wanted Desdemona dead â€Å"do it with not poison, strangle her in her bed-even the bed she hath contaminated†, Iago is telling Othello how to kill Desdemona. This again shows that Othello really trusts Iago and will do anything he says. Iago plays upon Othellos own fears and reinforces those fears with lies and innuendo (hints). Iago manipulates the situation so that Casio is in a position to ask Desdemona for aid. He then stands by Othellos side, professing concern for his friend, and questioning Desdemonas fidelity because she spoke for Casio. By stealing DesdemonasShow MoreRelatedThe Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare Essay1537 Words   |  7 PagesDrake Usher Ms. Zamanis Honors English II March 18, 2016 Othello Essay â€Å"The Tragedy of Othello,† by William Shakespeare, is about the tragic downfall of a once great man named Othello by the manipulation of Iago, the antagonist of the story. However, a deeper meaning of Othello could be â€Å"[It] is a tragedy of incomprehension, not at the level on intrigue but at the deepest level of human dealings. No one in Othello come to understand himself or anyone else.† It is debated on whether or not this isRead MoreThe Significance of Act 3 Scene 3 of William Shakespeares Othello1606 Words   |  7 Pagesthe same plot but some of the characters and themes in the play were very different. The play itself is a tragedy and includes the things that Aristotle defined as what a tragedy should include. Firstly, a protagonist, this is Othello. He is the protagonist as the play shows the story of his fall from a place of eminence as is required in all tragedies according to Aristotle. Othello is a tragic hero in that he portrays a man with much greatness. Othello also hasRead More The Character of Iago in Shakespeares Othello Essay1620 Words   |  7 Pagesstate that Iagos actions are motiveless and that he is a purely evil character.   However, during the course of this paper, certain motives for Iagos actions will be discussed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   For the first motive to be understood the reader must become knowledgeable of Othellos heritage and the setting of the play.   Othello is a Moslem from North Africa.   He is living in Venice.   He is the leader of the Venetian forces.   Anthony Burgess, a Shakespearean critic, believes that Othellos color hasRead MoreThe Dynamic Relationship Of Shakespeare s Play, Bargains With Fate : Psychological Crises And Conflicts1196 Words   |  5 PagesThe dynamic relationship in this play between two characters is a struggling guide to realizing what motivated the cause of this tragedy. I believe that Iago’s behavior is psychologically motivated. Understanding the relationship takes much study not only on their relationship, but on the motivation of Iago. Shakespeare left the play entirely unclear on the reasoning behind Iago’s villainous ways. Numerous psychoanalytic spectators have tried to explain Iago’s behavior. One, for example, is latentRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1273 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Shakespeare’s Othello would not be a dramatic tragedy if the smiling villain, Iago, were a deaf mute. There is no doubt that the destruction of each character can be blamed on jealous Iago. The theme of jealousy helps propel the plot naturally and demonstrates the consequences of being morbidly jealous. The circumstantial evidence Iago provides acts like a lethal poison, which surrounds Othello in suspicion and envy but also turns him into an inhuman murderer. Jealousy is the ‘monster’ thatRead MoreLove and Desdemona2800 Words   |  12 Pagesof love. Trust is one of the main factors needed to determine a healthy, loving relationship. In William Shakespeares Othello, the main character Othello is unable to trust his new bride Desdemona. In act one, scene three, Desdem the all the actsOthello, the central character of William Shakespeares play is an excellent lea der but a poor reasoner and foolish lover. The tragedy of `Othello is largely due to Othellos personality and life experience. Othello believes himself to be loved and respectedRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1454 Words   |  6 Pagesneed for control, not only in politics but in intimate relationships, is an equalizing force among humans of different races, backgrounds, and societal status. Othello conveys a theme that all humans – even those considered outsiders, even those in powerful positions – are vulnerable to destruction through their own lusts, jealousies, and desires. While, Othello is written as a tragic character, it is important to note that the source of his tragedy was not his color or background, but his human weaknessesRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1178 Words   |  5 Pagesas good and Iago as evil, but Iago and Othello’s relationship also shares a distrust of their wives. The overall logical argument is based on love, jealou sy and betrayal between two lovers that ultimately leads to their separation because of Iago’s evil plan. I am using this article to agree with Berry s view on how Iago separates two lovers just so he can take retaliation on Othello by manipulating everyone to unmasking their true intentions. He knows how to ask the right questions and say theRead More The Issue of Race in Othello Essay examples3237 Words   |  13 PagesJonathan Miller asserted that Othellos race does not greatly impact his downfall in the play.   He maintains that while Shakespeare touches upon the issue of race, the cause of Othellos demise lies elsewhere.1   However, the implications of race in the play directly lead to its tragic ending; it is this issue that impels the characters to set the tragedy in motion.   Brabantio would never revolt against the union of Othello and Desdemona if it were not for Othellos blackness.   Roderigo could neverRead MoreThe Two Sides of Othello1111 Words   |  5 Pagespossibility of his new bride’s infidelity, Othello does not know how to confront and control these n ew emotions. Othello’s lack of understanding of his personal self and emotions leads to his downfall and tragedy within the play. Shakespeare uses Othello to illustrate that one’s public reputation holds no merit if he is unable to understand and confront his emotions and personal actions. In Act I, Shakespeare establishes Othello’s public persona. Othello has served in the military since he was seven

Explain How Othellos and Iagos Relationship Leads to...

Explain how Othello’s and Iago’s relationship leads to tragedy? The most influential writer in English literature ‘William Shakespeare’ born 1564 wrote many plays comedies and sonnets. I will be talking about one of Shakespeares most popular play which is ‘Othello’. Othello has a long and successful stage history and was one of the first plays to be performed since the 1660’s. Othello has never gone in and out of fashion like some of Shakespeare other plays. This is possibly because of their universal theme which is love and how the play has a narrow focus on three characters, Othello, Iago and Desdemona. The main focus of this essay is on the relationship of the Moor Othello, a valiant and a respected general, with Iago who is†¦show more content†¦He trust Iago tremendously which leads to tragedy later on in the play. Othello says â€Å"honest Iago, my Desdemona must i leave to thee† Othello is trusting Iago to look after Desdemona and leaves her with him. This shows how much Othello trust Iago t hat he even leaves his wife with such a man. This is the main aspect in which their relationship is based on. Othello depends on Iago too much. He expects Iago to get him all the answers to the questions Iago raised in his minds. He depended on Iago to get him the ocular proof that there is a relationship which is more friendship between the two of them. If Othello wanted he could’ve got the proof himself or even got to know the truth by simply asking Desdemona, but he didn’t because he relied on Iago to do the job which caused more problems because Iago was already trying to cause a drift between the two of them or to be more precise he wanted Desdemona dead â€Å"do it with not poison, strangle her in her bed-even the bed she hath contaminated†, Iago is telling Othello how to kill Desdemona. This again shows that Othello really trusts Iago and will do anything he says. Iago plays upon Othellos own fears and reinforces those fears with lies and innuendo (hints). Iago manipulates the situation so that Casio is in a position to ask Desdemona for aid. He then stands by Othellos side, professing concern for his friend, and questioning Desdemonas fidelity because she spoke for Casio. By stealing DesdemonasShow MoreRelatedThe Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare Essay1537 Words   |  7 PagesDrake Usher Ms. Zamanis Honors English II March 18, 2016 Othello Essay â€Å"The Tragedy of Othello,† by William Shakespeare, is about the tragic downfall of a once great man named Othello by the manipulation of Iago, the antagonist of the story. However, a deeper meaning of Othello could be â€Å"[It] is a tragedy of incomprehension, not at the level on intrigue but at the deepest level of human dealings. No one in Othello come to understand himself or anyone else.† It is debated on whether or not this isRead MoreThe Significance of Act 3 Scene 3 of William Shakespeares Othello1606 Words   |  7 Pagesthe same plot but some of the characters and themes in the play were very different. The play itself is a tragedy and includes the things that Aristotle defined as what a tragedy should include. Firstly, a protagonist, this is Othello. He is the protagonist as the play shows the story of his fall from a place of eminence as is required in all tragedies according to Aristotle. Othello is a tragic hero in that he portrays a man with much greatness. Othello also hasRead More The Character of Iago in Shakespeares Othello Essay1620 Words   |  7 Pagesstate that Iagos actions are motiveless and that he is a purely evil character.   However, during the course of this paper, certain motives for Iagos actions will be discussed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   For the first motive to be understood the reader must become knowledgeable of Othellos heritage and the setting of the play.   Othello is a Moslem from North Africa.   He is living in Venice.   He is the leader of the Venetian forces.   Anthony Burgess, a Shakespearean critic, believes that Othellos color hasRead MoreThe Dynamic Relationship Of Shakespeare s Play, Bargains With Fate : Psychological Crises And Conflicts1196 Words   |  5 PagesThe dynamic relationship in this play between two characters is a struggling guide to realizing what motivated the cause of this tragedy. I believe that Iago’s behavior is psychologically motivated. Understanding the relationship takes much study not only on their relationship, but on the motivation of Iago. Shakespeare left the play entirely unclear on the reasoning behind Iago’s villainous ways. Numerous psychoanalytic spectators have tried to explain Iago’s behavior. One, for example, is latentRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1273 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Shakespeare’s Othello would not be a dramatic tragedy if the smiling villain, Iago, were a deaf mute. There is no doubt that the destruction of each character can be blamed on jealous Iago. The theme of jealousy helps propel the plot naturally and demonstrates the consequences of being morbidly jealous. The circumstantial evidence Iago provides acts like a lethal poison, which surrounds Othello in suspicion and envy but also turns him into an inhuman murderer. Jealousy is the ‘monster’ thatRead MoreLove and Desdemona2800 Words   |  12 Pagesof love. Trust is one of the main factors needed to determine a healthy, loving relationship. In William Shakespeares Othello, the main character Othello is unable to trust his new bride Desdemona. In act one, scene three, Desdem the all the actsOthello, the central character of William Shakespeares play is an excellent lea der but a poor reasoner and foolish lover. The tragedy of `Othello is largely due to Othellos personality and life experience. Othello believes himself to be loved and respectedRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1454 Words   |  6 Pagesneed for control, not only in politics but in intimate relationships, is an equalizing force among humans of different races, backgrounds, and societal status. Othello conveys a theme that all humans – even those considered outsiders, even those in powerful positions – are vulnerable to destruction through their own lusts, jealousies, and desires. While, Othello is written as a tragic character, it is important to note that the source of his tragedy was not his color or background, but his human weaknessesRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1178 Words   |  5 Pagesas good and Iago as evil, but Iago and Othello’s relationship also shares a distrust of their wives. The overall logical argument is based on love, jealou sy and betrayal between two lovers that ultimately leads to their separation because of Iago’s evil plan. I am using this article to agree with Berry s view on how Iago separates two lovers just so he can take retaliation on Othello by manipulating everyone to unmasking their true intentions. He knows how to ask the right questions and say theRead More The Issue of Race in Othello Essay examples3237 Words   |  13 PagesJonathan Miller asserted that Othellos race does not greatly impact his downfall in the play.   He maintains that while Shakespeare touches upon the issue of race, the cause of Othellos demise lies elsewhere.1   However, the implications of race in the play directly lead to its tragic ending; it is this issue that impels the characters to set the tragedy in motion.   Brabantio would never revolt against the union of Othello and Desdemona if it were not for Othellos blackness.   Roderigo could neverRead MoreThe Two Sides of Othello1111 Words   |  5 Pagespossibility of his new bride’s infidelity, Othello does not know how to confront and control these n ew emotions. Othello’s lack of understanding of his personal self and emotions leads to his downfall and tragedy within the play. Shakespeare uses Othello to illustrate that one’s public reputation holds no merit if he is unable to understand and confront his emotions and personal actions. In Act I, Shakespeare establishes Othello’s public persona. Othello has served in the military since he was seven

The Benefits of 2013-14 Act Writing Samples for Multitasking Essay

The Benefits of 2013-14 Act Writing Samples for Multitasking Essay Now, let's consider a number of the best ideas within the next section. Let's get into a bit more detail. Use particular reasons and examples to strengthen your position. Secondly, students will eliminate the chance to learn things during the summertime. They need to learn more in school and become smarter so that they can get the jobs since many more people are going against them to get these jobs. Most students get jobs over the summertime so they can conserve money to go to college or maybe to get cars or other things they wish to buy themselves. Students in our country should step until the worldwide plate and use all twelve months of the year to accomplish their targets. Some schools cannot afford to get the latest technology gadgets. High school students today need to enter a world where there aren't very many jobs. In the majority of high schools, 1 teacher or staff member is generally the point p erson for standardized tests, and they're a very good place to begin. Write about your favourite teacher. You don't need to restate every argument you've made within the body, but you ought to summarize your argument and restate your thesis in various words. You're able to devote 1 paragraph to every perspective and end on the one which most agrees with your own perspective, so you may develop it a little further. You don't even need to determine what each paragraph ought to be about! When you begin your very first body paragraph, attempt to consider a very first sentence that refers back to the very first paragraph. Things You Should Know About 2013-14 Act Writing Samples for Multitasking Essay Students also have a little bit more time to compose their essays. One of the greatest strategies to help your student prepare for the ACT Writing prompt is to make a test-like environment to practice. Encourage your student to take a look at examples of scored ACT essays also. Delve into the steps which you want to take to have a perfect 12 on your ACT essay. Now you are aware of how to write a great ACT essay. Still, you'll have to choose whether to select the ACT with Writing. The manner ACT Writing frames the essay prompts does a good deal of the job for you. If you're thinking about getting your ACT Essay rescored (or obtaining a rescore on the remainder of the test), you would like to be sure it's well worth it. Complete information regarding the ACT test can be found in the technical manual. It provides a variety of materials you can use to help your students learn about, and prepare for the test. Help your students get ready for the ACT. What You Can Do About 2013-14 Act Writing Samples for Multitasking Essay Beginning in the Next Three Minutes There's also a possibility that the new scoring session could secure exactly the same result a second moment. A time you or somebody you love was scammed. In the very best of scenarios, you might spee d up enough that you still have no less than a tiny time to return and make a couple last minute (or last second) improvements ahead of your time is cut off. Nobody appears to have enough time readily available to be able to complete what they would like to complete. The 2013-14 Act Writing Samples for Multitasking Essay Trap You don't have enough time or resources for research, but you've got to create the argument somehow. As you know you are going to be asked about ways where the world is changing, it's possible to produce examples to use on the test beforehand. If you're likely to be writing about the way the world has changed, it will help to understand what was true previously. You will be requested to discuss how humans are altering the world (in this instance, society and its rules, in contrast to the physical world). Then, below this, you'll read three unique perspectives on the idea presented. When writing, be certain that your readers grasp that you comprehend th e issue presented. Without regard to the academic degree of the essay examples that you're looking for, we possess the subject material covered with ease, and would love for you to browse through the many unique topics to find this for yourself. Choose the subject of your interest. Because addressing the association between your perspective and a minumum of one of the other 3 perspectives is an essential component of the essay task, you should make certain to understand what each prompt is saying. The three prompts in this informative article permit you to make your argument. There are hundreds and hundreds of successful methods to approach this essay. All you need to do is get the particular topic and decide what your perspective is. It is vital to remember your score is not going to be impacted by the point of view you adopt on the matter. It's known as the ELA score. The second score is going to be a new one. Write about your main goal. Top Choices of 2013-14 Act Writing Samples for Multitasking Essay You've got a particular amount of creative liberty when it has to do with your evidence. Given the continued effect of censorship on several facets of our lives, it's an issue worth examining. After the freedom of the person interferes with that princ iple, freedom has to be restricted. The test describes a problem and provides three distinct perspectives on the matter.

Social Media- a Mixed Influence an Analysis on the Influence of Social Media on Our Personality and Lifestyles free essay sample

Introduction Human beings are walking toward an era of network sociality, introduced by Andreas Wittel in his essay ‘Toward a Network Sociality’ as a contrast to â€Å"community† which represents belonging, integration and disintegration (Wittel, 2001). Social media have been transforming human’s lives and relationships in an unprecedented speed. This essay will explore and analyze this influence. It will be divided into three parts, each describing and analyzing social media’s impact on one of the three above-mentioned spheres. I assert that social media is a mixed force, both positive and negative, whose influence has changed the way people stand in the world and connect with each other, the way people work and do their business, and the way people live and entertain themselves. 1. Social Media’s Impact on Individuality and Human Relationships 1. 1. Social media’s impact on individuality Societies and communities have existed for so long that even thousands of years ago, archeologists learnt that people everywhere, be they Amazon hunters or African shepherds, formed their own communities, with different but similar societal patterns (Van Loon, 2000). Social media have been greatly shaping our individuality and our relationship with others, so that today the notions of society and community have achieved new meanings and thus are different from what we believed before. With the help of social networks, people today tend to be more individualistic, as they make friends and establish business relations depending more on their own choices and decisions, rather than on the pre-determined social principles and connections. Beck (1999) argues that â€Å"individualization† presumes a removal from historically prescribed social forms and commitments. In a new environment where social networks dominate, human beings are faced with a wider range of choices of connections they are going to form, of things they are going to learn or to buy, and of information they are going to garner, which entails more individualism on the part of human beings. Under the influence of network sociality, human beings’ individuality is more and more emphasized today, and in fact, equipped with the mighty cyberspace, people are able to handle more complicated tasks than before. The common practice of selling secondhand goods on eBay or other e-business websites would imply seem imaginable for people of decades ago. As a matter of fact, selling things online is not limited to enterprises, stores or professional salesmen. Thanks to social networking, everybody can have an online business. At the same time, the sellers can better do their business by linking this page of their products to their blogs and advertise there, or posting on their Facebook or Twitter pages a piece of news promoting the products. In this way everybody can be a boss and salesperson, thus achieving more individuality. 1. 2. Social media’s impact on human relationships In real life (as in contrast with cyberspace,) there are various ways to divide people into different groups, according to their ages, sex, income, geographic positions, or their faiths and values. However, people in these groups or communities are something like sand- they seem to belong in a certain group, but in fact they are still separate maintaining their individuality. If these â€Å"grains of sand† are to put together and mixed so that they can form an affectionate, tightly-related community, the input of â€Å"water† for bonding will be necessary. The above metaphor and induction is to show that it is by no means an easy job for people to form valid communities, since on the one hand, the frequent communication is troublesome with a high cost, and on the other, there are many obstacles and hindrances in establishing such relations. For example, the age gap may be a problem when a group is founded on the basis of geography, and likewise, the income gap may be in the way of forming a community around gender. Luckily, virtual communities came to our rescue, as network socializing is speedily changing this status quo. The beauty of network sociality lies in its low cost as well as its high efficiency- sometimes it takes only a few clicks of the mouse to form a virtual community. These communities can be based on their members’ same hobbies, common interests or mutual benefits. Scott Kurnit once stated the importance of creating virtual communities and forming relationships in them (Kurnit, 1999 cited in Wittel, 2001). As Andreas Wittel (2001) mentioned in his â€Å"Toward a Network Sociality† (2001), the new human relations present some distinctive characters under the impact of social networking: broad, quick, ephemeral, intense and fast changing. In social networks, everyone congregates on a certain occasion with a more a less particular aim, either finding a date, getting to know potential clients, forming new business relations or something else. In today’s network sociality, a person is dealing with many people all at the same time. One of the most remarkable persons great at making friends and communicating with others is Carole Stone, who maintains friendship with more than ten thousand people by regularly holding parties and salons (Stone, 2001). In fact, with so many friends to keep and care about, surely Stone does not have enough time to go too deep in each of this friendship, thus an example to show the shallowness of today’s human relationship. Nowadays a relation is quickly formed on the foundation of common interests or a shared purpose, but after a project is finished, this relation comes to an end and a similar one with different person(s) is formed just as quickly, thus indicating the transience of relations between people shaped by social media. Under such circumstances, however, today people join in network sociality not only to find social identification and compassion, but also for the sake of getting more rewarding and enduring social capital and net resources (Wasserman and Faust, 1999: 11). 2. Social Media’s Impact on Our Business Pattern 2. 1. Social media: what makes our work more playful Social media have made people active creators and producers rather than mere recipients. The traditional content-centered virtual community has now turned ‘individual-centered’, thus making people more individualistic, independent and interdependent at the same time. This influence on human personalities and relations, as has been mentioned in Part 1, has expanded to the sphere of the way we work and do our business. Wittel (2001) argues that in network sociality, professional ties become increasingly playful, as today people do their work with so much assistance from the social network, and our business relations are so deeply rooted in ties formed online, that the borderline between work and play is very much blurred and less tangible. Some people hold that in this information age, professional knowledge is not so vital as social networks, resources and worldly wisdom. And this kind of capability to win business relations and broaden friend circles needs to be gained on social networking occasions. For example, people meet their colleagues and potential partners or clients at parties thrown in a more high-sounding name but with clear aims. If seen from the perspective of the founder or organizer of this program, this is again an instance of adding playfulness to work. Wittel 2011) In addition, many blind dating websites around the globe, which draw millions of single men and women, collect their profiles and information, give each of them most suitable matches and suggestions, are also a combination of pleasure and work. The workers of these websites probably have fun playing the role of â€Å"Cupid† and seeing so many interesting people and their stories. This is their work which secures their income. 2. 2. Social media’s impact on e-business pattern Speaking of social media’s great impact on our business patterns, electronic business is one of many examples. E-business is one of the most lucrative business patterns online (Jackson, Harris and Eckersley, 2003). Numerous successful corporations such as e-Bay, Amazon and Alibaba can serve to illustrate this point. In the past, people sold and bought things in the real market, where everything related to the transaction, including bargaining, picking and paying money, took place. This process could be very time and cost consuming, as the simple act of purchasing entailed many auxiliary acts such as greetings and small talk between the buyer and the seller. However, the rise of social media and networks has greatly changed this old-fashioned pattern. Tons of business transactions can be made every second in every corner of the world with just a click; employees sitting in front of the computer screen form business relations with a lot of companies in no time; people can even choose to stay at home to fulfill their work and make friends, thus embracing more freedom and easiness. One thing noteworthy here is the change of women’s position and status in e-business world thanks to social media. Among networking groups, which aim at promoting e-business, there have recently appeared some women’s networking groups with the purpose of striving for some space in the so-far men dominated world of business (Wittel, 2001). A successful and influential virtual community is the iPod Club, which boasts hundreds of thousands of members from all over the world spontaneously circling around iPod products. In this club, women are encouraged to engage more with consumer electronics, something considered to be men’s exclusivity (Ellwood and Shekar, 2008: 56). In this way, social edia, and their practices make today’s women more independent and proud and enable them to better contributing their effort to society. 3. Social Media’s Impact on Our Lifestyle 3. 1. Social media mix private and public life Apart from human characteristics, our relationships, working style and business patterns, social media also exert remarkable influence on our lifestyle. Network soci ality is the blurring of the boundary between private and public space, or we can say that under the impact of social networking, private and public space are penetrating into and melting into each other. Take portable media for example. In the book Mobility, it is said that Kopomma describes that with the use of portable communication devices, the ‘private bubble’ is now inflated outwards. He also argues that mobile terminals such as cell phones are trying to eliminate the borderlines between private and public life and playing as a medium bridging and transforming them (Kopomma cited in Adey, 2010). On the one hand, using cell phones- a private possession- in public place, is inevitably a public conduct. On the other hand, using cell phones during a up public occasion, say, when engaged in a conversation with business partners, engages him/herself in a new conversation with someone else (Wittel, 2001), which means a privatization of the public space. A mature and rational network sociality should be a perfect combination of private and public space. While online private space such as blogs and Myspace serve as harbor for people to pour out their emotions, mood and feelings. Online public space such as forums is more like a platform for people to share, communicate and get together, each drawing what they need. Social networking websites are a mixture of both privacy and publicity. In a word, social media create a new environment for people’s communication and spreads information, thus leading to the deconstruction, recreation and combination of private and public space. 3. 2. Social media mix real and virtual world While some believe that there is a demarcation line between a so-called virtual world and a real world, Wittel (2001) holds that the online world and the offline world are closely related indeed. Today, the ‘virtual’ etworking world has penetrated into reality and every part of our lives, including work, leisure, entertainment, etc. As was mentioned earlier, now the line between play and work is somewhat blurred and social media, once considered as another sphere, has entered into the ‘real world’ and exerted its influence on the latter. For example, at China’s Renren. com, a social networking website (the equivalent to Facebook), there ar e some games in which virtual commodities such as cars, houses, vegetables and fruits are sold. Now they have become real bestselling commodities at Taobao, the equivalent to e-Bay. This is an instance to illustrate the influence of social media and, the so-called â€Å"virtual† and â€Å"real† worlds. Conclusion With the development of science and technology, as well as the progress made in the respect of social networking and communication, we are now very much in the era of social media based more on the producing and sharing information rather than just getting information. They have greatly impacted every part of our lives, such as our personality, values, relationship with others, lifestyle, working styles, business pattern, etc. This essay tries to explore how social media have changed our lives from the three main perspectives, i. e. social media’s impact on individuals and their relationship, their impact on our ways of working and business patterns, and last but not least, their impact on our lifestyle and entertainment. Social media have made their effects on human beings: people become more independent and individualistic; human relations are quicker and easier to form but less enduring than before; our work, mixed with social networking element, becomes more playful; women’s status has been raised in the business world; private and public life intertwine and the ‘real’ and ‘unreal’ world are melting into and influencing one another. Reference Adey, P. (2010) Mobility. Oxon: Routledge. Beck, U. (1999) Individualization. London: Sage. Ellwood, I. and Shekar, S. 2008) Wonder Woman: Marketing Secrets for the Trillion-dollar Customer. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Jackson, P. J. , Harris, L. and Eckersley, P. M (eds. ) (2003) E-business fundamentals. Oxon: Routledge. Stone, C. (2001) Networking: The Art of Making Friends. London: Vermilion. Van Loon, H. W. (2000) The Story of Mankind. New York: Liveright Publishing Corporation. Wasserman, S. and Faust, K. (1999) Social network analysis: methods and applications. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Wittel, A. (2001) ‘Toward a Network Sociality’, Theory, Culture and Society. Vol. 18(6): 51-76. London: Sage.

Thin Layer Chromatography and Column Chromatography free essay sample

Introduction Chromatography is a technique used to separate a mixture into its individual components. In this experiment, chromatography is done by using a thin layer chromatography (TLC) plate and filter paper. The word ‘chromatography’ itself means the separation of colours. However, nowadays, both coloured and colourless compound are used in chromatography by various methods. In chromatography, the separation process of mixture is mainly based upon the polarity and molecular weight of sample. Then, the separation involves mobile phase and stationary phase. The mixture to be separated is applied to an immovable solid surface, which is the stationary phase, such as TLC plate and the filter paper. Then, suitable solvent is then added to ‘wash’ the porous solid by the flow of solvent, which is the mobile phase. The mobile phase can be liquid (in liquid chromatography) which is in this experiment, or gas (as in gas chromatography). The porous solid, which is the stationary phase, adsorbs different substances depending on the polarity of the substance adsorbed to it. We will write a custom essay sample on Thin Layer Chromatography and Column Chromatography or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The term â€Å"adsorption† means the adhesion or stickyness of a substance to the surface of another substance. As mentioned, chromatography is based on polarity. So, a mixture of compound is separated or adsorbed differently on porous solid (stationary phase) based on the polarity of both the compound itself and also the stationary phase. By the concept of â€Å"like attracts like†, a polar stationary phase will adsorb a polar components more strongly than a non-polar component, which also indicates that a non-polar components will be removed along the solvent more easily and faster than the polar compounds. It is the same case as where a polar solvent is used. The polar component will be moved along the solvent more quickly and hence, leave behind the non-polar component which is move more slowly and removed later. The solvent (mobile phase) moves through the stationary phase (porous solid) by capillary action. The solvent ‘attracts’ or pulls the molecules of mixture, which is then separated at different rates. Molecular weight also affects the separation of mixture into its components. Components having higher molecular weight will be left behind. In contrast, component of lowest molecular weight will be the fastest to be removed. Part 1: TLC analysis of analgesic drugs Method 1. Prepare a TLC plate with measurement shown in figure. Diagram A developing chamber was developed in a 250 mL beaker, with a half-piece of filter paper inside, and aluminium foil to cover. The eluent is a 15 mL mixture of 2:1 mixture of ethyl acetate: hexane. 3. The eluent must not exceed depth of 1 cm in the beaker. 5 drops of acetic acid was added into the beaker and mix. The TLC plate was then placed in the beaker and ensured the solvent level is below the pencil mark. 4. After the solvent was risen to near the top of the plate, the plate was removed and the solvent front was marked with a pencil. The solvent was allowed to evaporate in the fume hood. 5. By using 5 different capillary tubes for 5 different samples, the sample was spot on the origin line. The sequence from the left (first spot) is acetaminophen solution, caffeine, unknown A, aspirin and unknown B. 6. The TLC plate was then placed in the iodine chamber for few minutes. 7. The plate was then observed under UV lamp. 8. The spot was outlined with a 2B pencil. 9. The plate was then sketched and the retention factor, Rf value is calculated. 10. The unknown drug based on the Rf value is determined. Apparatus

Statistics Example

Statistics Example Statistics – Coursework Example Health sciences and medicine Statistics in a court setting are very significant. This is because in a case it can be usedas evidence in a court of law to prove the basis of the innocence or guilt of an individual. For this reason, the value of firsthand statistical data is indispensable.Data obtained through observation falls under the category of primary data. This means that it can be used as evidence to prove the guilt or innocence of an individual in a court of law. In fact observational data is what allows for the presence of witnesses since them observers a situation first hand.Experimental data are also essential as it is the one that proves an occurrence. For example in cases of rape, experimental data is used to identify the individual who executed the act. For this reason, experimental data have high consideration is a court of law.The hypothesis used to test a murder trial is the probability of the person being present at the time of occurrence, together with the priority relation of the two individuals.According to the figure 1, is evident that most of the deaths occurred during the times Mrs. Gilbert MIGHT. It is evident that due to her tight shifts and large number of patients she was incapable of handling all the patients properly. However, this is not conclusive evidence as it cannot directly prove the guilt of Mrs. Gilbert MIGHT. The coin tossing story is relevant in Ms. Gilbert MIGHT case as it gives the probability of her being either guilty of the innocent. The statement association is not accusation means that the mere fact that one, might be mentioned to be close to a criminal does not mean he or she participated in those acts in any way.Work citedBreyfogle, III F. W. Implementing Six Sigma: Smarter Solutions Using Statistical Methods. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, 2003. Internet resource.

Avert eyes, Divert attention

Avert eyes, Divert attention Avert eyes, Divert attention Avert eyes, Divert attention By Maeve Maddox A dog trainer gives the following advice: If you pass a barking dog or other distraction, keep moving forward. If your dog averts its attention to the distraction, give a tug on the lead to avert the attention back to the walk at hand. The uses of the word avert in this passage strike me as odd because, although avert has the sense of turning, avert suggests a turning away from something, not towards it. avert: 1 : to turn away or aside (ones face, eyes, thoughts) especially in order to escape something dangerous, unpleasant, or disconcerting Merriam-Webster The dog trainer may have been reaching for the word divert: divert: 1. trans. To turn aside (a thing, as a stream, etc.) from its (proper) direction or course; to deflect (the course of something); to turn from one destination or object to another. OED The word avert suggests a turning away in the sense of moving one’s body: She averted her face from the stranger. or preventing something bad from happening: With courage and skill the pilot averted a fatal crash. Traffic is diverted. Disaster is averted. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Comparative Forms of AdjectivesTime Words: Era, Epoch, and EonWriting a Thank You Note

Hammurabi's Code Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Hammurabi's Code - Essay Example Subjects of Hammurabi’s code of laws would thus, benefit from the justice and fairness provided by the code. The Phrase â€Å"an eye for an eye† represented Hammurabi code of laws. The phrase may sound harsh, but it means more than its literal meaning. The code differentiates punishments for wealthy persons, commoners and even slaves. It outlines the terms and conditions for purchasing and selling slaves (Jarus, 2013). Hammurabi’s code deals many important topics that concern the Babylonians. The code provides rules for witnesses and persons making accusations of crimes. It also highlights processes to handle thefts and destruction of property and offers guidelines for trading and solving business problems. Subject of the Hammurabi’s codes would benefit so much from the justice and fairness the code details. In most cases, the rules are reasonable and clear to give Babylonians a framework to live with order. Justice and order among people is the basis for the formulation of the Hammurabi’s code. The code would also benefit Babylonians when comes to solving family matters such as marriage, divorce, and issues of adoption. Surprisingly, the code also outlines payment layouts for doctors and other professionals. Other important components covered in the Hammurabi’s code that would benefit its subjects are those related to farming and keeping of animals. Agriculture was the main human activity in Mesopotamia. Developing laws that ensured justice and fairness for farming activities would greatly benefit people in Babylon. The code also benefited women. The code gave women certain rights including the right to buy or sell property as well as the right to seek a divorce. In addition to justice and fairness, Hammurabi’s code emphasized honest for all parties in a trial or court (Jarus, 2013). A codified set of laws are well organized and written in a logical manner. Codified laws e.g. the Hammurabi’s code is easier to locate and follow.

ECO203 Final Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

ECO203 Final - Essay Example These would affect the other economic variables which include Aggregate demand, Gross Domestic Product and Employment of a country. The Government would go for an Expansionary Fiscal policy in times of recession in which U.S. Government would spend more than they would collect taxes from the people. That is government spending would exceed taxes. The opposite would happen in case of a Contractionary Fiscal Policy where the government would increase the taxes more than it intends to spend. Now government spending may account for a variety of activities which include roads, education, healthcare, welfare activities and defense. This government spending is financed chiefly by taxation (Blanchard, 2010). There are other alternative ways of funding like printing money, external borrowings from foreign countries etc. The government may also borrow from the public which is called public debt. But this would be done by the government only when on the occasion of a deficit in the government b udget. The U.S. Government utilizes the Fiscal policy in the endeavor to affect the aggregate demand along with full employment. When there is inadequate aggregate demand in the economy, the government would decrease the rate of taxation and increase the expenditures by making use of idle resources. This would lead to increase in the growth rate of the economy and would tend towards full employment by decreasing the rate of unemployment. As a result the output would increase. This kind of government spending has a multiplier effect because when a government starts a new project, along with the output of the project it generates employment for the workers and hence the consumption and savings. However Fiscal Policy might also be constrained by a crowding out effect which would happen if there is a rise in interest rates which would curb investment. However, if the economy is going through a recession then already a lot of resources are unused and hence this would not pose a problem f or the economy explicitly (Froyen, 2005). Monetary Policy The monetary policy is implemented by the Central Bank with a control on the money supply with is undertaken with the help of several methods. This can be controlled mainly by purchase or sell of bonds which increases or decreases the supply of the money in the economy. Now bonds are debt instruments that guarantee the buyer the return of the principal along with an interest or the coupon at some specified date. This rate of interest or the coupon rate is determined by the Central Bank and one of the tools by which the Central Bank controls the supply of money in the economy (Mankiw, 2012). Now, when the bank wants to reduce the money supply of the economy or decrease the liquidity, it would go for a Contractionary Monetary policy wherein it would start increasing the interest rates. As a result, the coupon rates of the bonds would increase which would compel people to park their money with the banks, having less money in the ir hands. This would lead to a reduction in liquidity in the entire economic system. In contrary to this by an Expansionary Monetary policy, the Federal Reserve Bank would decrease th

The Lottery by Shirley Jackson Analysis Essay Example for Free

The Lottery by Shirley Jackson Analysis Essay Shirley Jackson is a master of suspense. She starts the story The Lottery off by describing what seems to be a normal summers day in an average village. This gives the reader a false sense of security which quickly turns into a sense of horror by the end of the story. Jackson uses the elements of a short story, atmosphere, plot and characters to create a sense of horror. One of the five elements of a short story that Jackson uses to create a sense of horror is atmosphere. Jackson describes the story as taking place on a clear, warm and sunny summer day but when one first reads about the children in the story, they are not playing and having fun and one would expect, instead they are quietly grouped together not doing much of anything. The fact that these children, more specifically the boys, are acting uneasy, and loafing around on beautiful summer day is one of the ways that Jackson uses atmosphere to create a sense of horror. Another one of the elements that Jackson uses to create a sense of horror is plot. When Tessie Hutchinson finds out that her husband and head of the family, Bill, has drawn the marked piece of paper she starts shouting out that â€Å"You didn’t give him time enough to take any paper her wanted. I saw you. It wasn’t fair!† so everyone should have to draw again, it is starting to become clear that being the winner of this lottery is not a good thing. This is made even clearer when Tessie starts trying to have her in-laws added to the roster of the next group of contestants in order to better her chances of not being picked. Characters are the third and final element of a short story that Jackson uses to create a sense of horror. One of ways that Jackson use characters to create a sense of horror is through their names. An example of one of the characters she uses to do this is Mr. Graves. Grave can be used as an adjective or noun. The adjective means to cause alarm or to be serious. The noun refers to a burial place, typically a hole in the ground. Black is a color commonly associated with bad, mysterious and dark things, death being one of those things. When Mr.Graves makes his appearance he is bringing in the black box. The fact that a man called Mr. Graves is walking in with a black box, the author is letting the reader know that something bad is going to happen. This is one example of how Jackson uses the characters to create a sense of horror. Shirley Jackson tells a suspenseful story about a group of average people in an average village. She uses atmosphere, plot and characters, three of the five elements of a short story to create a horrific story which shows the reader how what we think to be normal customs and rituals can actually turn out to be horrific and barbaric if one takes a step back and judges them from a different perspective.

Russian Revolution Essay -- Russian History

Russia had been an autocratic government for 300 years under the Romanov Dynasty before the revolution of 1917. When problems started in the early 1900’s most people were serfs that had been freed about 20 years before. In 1914 during World War One, Czar Nicholas II decided to stay in war with Germany despite what the rest of his country thought. Nicholas posed a distraction from the countries problems. His plan was to keep his soldiers minds off of the horrible living conditions of Russia by staying in war with Germany and starting a war with Japan in hope that he would lead his country to a victory; both wars were lost, giving Russian citizens more to be upset about. Russia’s Army was extremely weak, made mainly of peasants, and the cost of war was weighing down on the citizens of Russia. In reality, Nicholas II had no aptitude to be a ruler, and proved himself to be politically incapable of governing a country. Starvation and poor living conditions lined the streets of homeless families. Many people were unemployed, and those who were faced terrible conditions when they were working. Nation-wide discontent for the czar had set in, people begged for him to be dethroned. The country attempted to industrialize, but this just brought more trouble and left the country more distraught than ever, at this point they were behind the rest of the world in every aspect. The war with Germany was over, but Russia was left with a period of economic downfall to deal with. Four groups were later formed against the czar and his form of government, only one group of people, the white Russians, were still loyal to him. Liberals were people who wanted democratic checks on the czar, instead of total dictatorship. The Nationalists wanted greater in... .../srcx/retrieve.do?subjectParam=Locale%2528en%252C%252C%2529%253AFQE%253D%2528su%252CNone%252C18%2529russian%2Brevolution%2524&contentSet=GSRC&sort=Relevance&tabID=T001&sgCurrentPosition=0&subjectAction=DISPLAY_SUBJECTS&prodId=SRC-4&searchId=R1 ¤tPosition=5&userGroupName=glen46605&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&sgHitCountType=None&qrySerId=Locale%28en%2C%2C%29%3AFQE%. â€Å"The Russian Revolution.† Gale Resource Research Center. Ed. Marie Hacht and Dwayne D. Hayes. N.p., 2008. Web. 25 Dec. 2010. . Wines, Michael. â€Å"1917: Russia’s Year of Revolutions.† New York Times 12 Mar. 2007: n. pag. SIRS Discoverer. Web. 26 Dec. 2010.

Outlier

1. The large difference between how I have thought and understood success compared to the way Malcolm Gladwell argues is the circumstances and families that create success. Previous to reading this book, I strongly believed that the way to become successful was to put in hard work. For example, my theory to success was similar along the lines to what Malcolm Gladwell discusses earlier in the book. He says, â€Å"Practice isn’t the thing you do once you’re good. It’s the thing you do that makes you good†(Gladwell, 2008). I believed if you practiced what you want to be successful at everyday, you would eventually end up reaching your goal.However, after reading Malcolm Gladwell’s opinion my beliefs are now different. One of the more important examples Malcolm Gladwell mentions that showed how different I thought was the success story of Bill Gates. I personally believed that Bill Gates was successful only because he was an intelligent man who was driv en by hard work and his goal to create the personal computer. Previous to this novel my only education on Bill Gates was from reading short articles about him and from what I have heard from friends and teachers. What I did not know about Bill Gates was his given circumstance and the support from his family and others.Malcolm Gladwell mentions that there important opportunities that were â€Å"incredible lucky series of events†(Gladwell, 2008), that created his success. Some of the opportunities Bill Gates was given were his â€Å"free computer time at the University of Washington†(Gladwell, 2008) and also previous to that his mother along with others â€Å"had enough money to pay for his high school Lakesides computer fees†(Gladwell, 2008). Without the circumstance of Bill Gates receiving free computer time, chances are he wouldn’t have been nearly as intelligent and innovative with computers as he is today.To reiterate Malcolm Gladwell’s argument about super achievers are successful because of their families, in Bill Gates circumstance it is true. He wouldn’t have had the opportunity to practice with computers at a young age if his mother couldn’t afford to pay for the schools computer fees. Based on Bill Gates example Malcolm Gladwell writes about, it creates a credible argument to how he believes how to become successful. I did not even consider before reading this novel that family and the fortunate circumstances you are given are a substantial part to ones success.However, now it is crucial that it is not overlooked. 2. In my opinion, the â€Å"cultural language† in the United States varies across the country depending on where you are from. I believe that in some regions of the United States the cultural language is similar to the language represented by the co-pilot Koltz in â€Å"The Ethnic Theory of Plane Crashes†(Gladwell, 2008). However, I also believe in other vicinities in the United States the cultural language is outgoing and in the situation presented in the plane crash chapter, the cultural language would have been much more extrovert.The cultural language across the United States has emerged and evolved based on where you and your parents are from and how you were raised. Moments before the plane â€Å"Avianca 052†(Gladwell, 2008) crashed after running out of fuel, Co-Pilot Mauricio Klotz attempted to warn Kennedy Airport that their airplane did not have the sufficient amount of fuel to land. However, because Klotz was using â€Å"his own cultural language†, the controllers were not able to comprehend the trouble Avianca 052 was really in. I believe Klotz’s mitigated speech during this problem is similar to some cultural languages in the United States.For example, Malcolm Gladwell discusses Robert Sternberg’s theory of â€Å"practical intelligence†(Gladwell, 2008). To Sternberg, practical intelligence is â€Å"knowledge t hat helps out read situations correctly and get what you want†(Gladwell, 2008). It is clear that Klotz’s cultural language lacked practical intelligence. However, I believe numerous cultures in the United States also lack the same intelligence. Malcolm Gladwell recalls a study where â€Å"Annette Lareau conducted a fascinating study of a group of third graders†(Gladwell, 2008). Results of the study showed that lower-class children are â€Å"quiet and submissive†(Gladwell, 2008).Therefore, children and adults who are from lower-class families very well could have responded the same way Klotz did during a time of emergency. The cultural language of the United States can also be outgoing and far from â€Å"quiet and submissive†. Malcolm Gladwell discusses the South and the personalities people possess there. From results of an experiment, it had shown that Southerners were more willing to stand up for themselves. The experiment consisted of calling the m an â€Å"asshole† to see if it â€Å"caused their levels of testosterone and cortisol-the hormones that drive arousal and aggression-to go up† (Gladwell, 2008).The results were the Southerners â€Å"were angry, their cortisol and testosterone jumped. Their handshakes got firm†. It is easy to predict how a Southerner would have reacted to a plane moment’s way from crashing if they react strongly to simply being called a derogatory name. My guess is that if a Southerner was a co-pilot, the controllers at Kennedy Airport would have understood the trouble the airplane was in. I believe our vast cultural language derived from what Malcolm Gladwell would call â€Å"the culture of honor†(Gladwell, 2008).The â€Å"culture of honor† describes people behave the way they do because of where â€Å"you grew up or where your parents grew up†¦where your great-grandparents and your great-great-grandparents grew up and even where your great-great-gre at-grandparents grew up†(Gladwell, 2008). This explains our difference in the United States culture because the majority of the people living in the United States families were once immigrants. People come from all over the world to live in the U. S. and that is why are culture is different from any others.I believe our vast cultural language works in favor with our social structure because it matches with the supply and demand of our economy. For example, there are plenty of jobs in the United States where people who respect their superiors and are afraid to speak up can work. Also, there are opportunities to open up your own business if you contain traits similar to Malcolm Gladwell’s example of a Southerner and do not mesh well with being told what to do. 3. When Gladwell says that biologists talk about the ‘ecology’ of an organism he is referring to why certain organisms are more successful than others.Malcolm Gladwell is inferring that the â€Å"talle st oak in the forest is the tallest not just because it grew from the hardiest acorn†(Gladwell, 2008). It is the tallest oak in the forest because of many more reasons. Reasons that include luck and some things that cannot be controlled. For example, when discussing about oak trees, Gladwell mentions that one oak tree is the tallest because â€Å"no other tree blocked its sunlight†¦no rabbit chewed through its bark†¦ and no lumberjack cut it down before it matured†(Gladwell, 2008).Gladwell’s point of the ecology of this certain tree is that is it the most successful because of certain circumstances it was placed in. The â€Å"Matthew Effect† or also known as â€Å"accumulative advantage† is when â€Å"those who are successful are most likely to be given the kinds of special opportunities that lead to further success†(Gladwell, 2008). Malcolm Gladwell’s example of accumulative advantage is hockey players and how at a young age they achieve success. Gladwell discusses that â€Å"the professional hockey player starts out a little bit better than his peers.And that little difference leads to an opportunity that makes that difference a bit bigger†(Gladwell, 2008). An important implication of the hockey example is that the similarities in the age of the hockey players who have had success. The majority of the hockey players in Canada are born in â€Å"January, February, and March†(Gladwell, 2008). Because of the fact that these professional hockey players were born in the beginning of the year they had an advantage over those who were born later in the year.The reason why they have an advantage is because when they were young they were bigger and more matured than those who were born later in the year. Since that these hockey players were bigger than the other kids they were given the opportunity to play hockey at more of an elite level. This is a prime example of â€Å"The Matthew Effect† and it explains that ones who are successful are given more opportunities to be more successful. However, accumulative advantage and ecology both are very similar.For example, along with the accumulative advantage in the hockey player instance there is also ecology to it. As mentioned earlier, the ecology of an organism is lucky or uncontrollable circumstances that occur. For the most part, the date of birth of a person is often uncontrollable and is not often planned. Accumulative advantage and ecology as seen in this example, are often correlated with one another. In both the Matthew Effect and the ecology and an organism, people are given a better opportunity. References Gladwell, M. (2008). Outliers. New York: Little,Brown and Company.

Reflective Understanding Of Prince2 Principles In A Project Environment

our site – REFLECTIVE ESSAY EXAMPLE – CUSTOM ESSAY WRITING Introduction PRINCE is a project management method for controlled environments.I found the training comprehensive and the method a little overwhelming, but overall the course provided me with a clear understanding of how the system can help businesses execute successful projects. I obtained information using the slides provided by London South Bank University (2016), and online search of articles and publications about the application of PRINCE, and the different elements of the system.Murray (2011) states that the main reason why PRINCE was upgraded in 2006 the constantly changing nature of project management methods and new challenges of project managers, and PRINCE2 is today’s â€Å"best practice† standard, qualification program, and project management framework that has a detailed project process model. The Seven Principles of PRINCE2 According to the Oracle White Paper (Oracle, 2011), the management processes designed by the framework are based on seven principles: a. continued business justification In my understanding, is necessary to monitor the plan and compare it with the actual performance, to ensure that the original project is still suitable for delivering the objectives. This helps companies monitor the health and feasibility of projects. b. learn from experience The research and review previous projects, use existing effective templates, and apply knowledge obtained from them. c. defined roles and responsibilities The creation of project and activity teams is necessary for the success, and the effective allocation of the roles (Marsh, 1996). d. manage by stages It is important to create control points in the project to separate stages, phases, and identify main events. e. manage by exception Workbenches, such as the Manager Workbench and Review Program Workbench should be implemented in order to manage exceptions and implement automated change control, when exceptions occur. f. focus on products The Deliverables section of the plan should be detailing product expectations, including quality assurance guidelines. g. tailor to suit the project environment Templates provide flexible control for project managers, to change the levels and types of controls to be implemented. PRINCE2 Themes The main themes of PRINCE2 are business case, organisation, risk, change, quality, and plan. The Business Case theme addresses why the project is created, what the options are, outlines the costs, timescales, expected outcomes, and risks. The Project Organisation determines who is the owner of the project, identifies the roles of team members, and authorities. It also highlights the roles and responsibilities of each member of the team a:he Project Board consists of an executive, senior user, and senior supplier. To manage and identify risks, a risk register is created, with each risk having a unique identifier. All users should have access to the risk register. The PRINCE2 Method The method of PRINCE involves controls and breakpoints. TThere are five process groups in the PRINCE2 method: initiating, planning, executing, monitoring and controlling, and closing. The method covers ten different knowledge areas and integrates them in a way that they all contribute towards the successful execution of the plans. The above information is available in the 2009 TSO document (TSO, 2009b). Project Plans and Levels As it has been stated previously, PRINCE2 has an organisational theme that needs to be discussed in detail, in relation with the levels and responsibilities related to each level. The main levels are: programme management, directing, managing, and delivering (TSO, 2009a). The Quality Theme The quality theme features managing expectations and projected outcomes, designing quality assurance and interventions. According to a recent publication by CIPFA (2012), the quality approach allows the planning of systematic activities leading to the identification of the company’s products, the project’s products, and the tracking of the quality methods. Customers’ expectations are analysed, an acceptance criteria is created, and this leads to the detailed project product description. The next task is to generate a project response, and a quality register. Quality, according to the definition of PRINCE2, is â€Å"The total amount of features or characteristics of a product, such that it meets expectations and satisfies the stated needs. Saying that all features of the product have to work as expected for a given amount of time† (London South Bank University, 2016). Simply put, the main purpose of the quality theme is to ensure that all the products are f it for their purpose. This approach signifies that if the quality of the products is compromised, the outcomes of the project will be negatively affected, as well. Before implementing the PRINCE2 project, it is necessary to agree on the acceptance criteria and quality expectations. For quality planning, the MoSCoW method of prioritisation should be used: must have, should have, could have, and won’t have for now. This information is detailed in the CIPFA (2012) publication. Risk Theme The risk management and monitoring features implemented in PRINCE2 are as follows: identifying risk, assessing it, planning (to avoid, exploit, reject, etc.) the risk, implementation of actions by risk owners, and communication through checkpoints, highlights, and reports, according to the PowerPoint lecture of London South Bank University (2016). The identification of risk is followed by their qualitative assessment: high, medium, or low risk categories, and the assessment of each risk’s potential impact. Risk responses can be avoidance, exploitation, enhancement, reduction, or sharing. Change Theme Ferguson (2011) describes this theme as the ability to identify and control baselines, changes, and approve or reject them. The online article talks about the applicability of PRINCE on smaller scale projects. Change management should be based on aligning the objectives of the project with the current changes, and making adjustments in order to meet the expectations of the project owners and the customers. For example, the implementation of a change might change the projected outcomes, therefore, changes need to be made. Progress Theme The Progress theme can be described as providing periodic snapshots of the level of completion and performance towards the objectives (Oracle, 2011). Under this theme, the calculations of Earned Value and Earned Value Projection are completed, and this allows project owners and directors to see the value of work completed against the resources used. Thresholds are also important in this bench-marking process. Conclusion Based on the above review, the main benefits of PRINCE2 for companies can be highlighted as: real time input and monitoring, risk management, performance and quality control abilities, and clear definition of objectives. The main benefit of the PRINCE2 method is that it provides a standard and common language for project management professionals. I believe that adapting the management approach can improve the success rate of small- and large-scale projects alike. Bibliography CIPFA. 2012. PRINCE2 Quick Reference Guide. Ferguson, C. 2011. PRINCE2 for Small-scale Projects. Novare Consulting. London South Bank University. 2016. PRINCE2 Presentations and Lectures. Marsh, D., 1996. Project management and PRINCE. Health Informatics, 2(1), pp.21-27. Murray, A. 2010. White-paper: PRINCE2 AND Governance. Outperform. Document Number: 1042-01-01 Version Number: 1v0 Oracle. 2011. PeopleSoft Projects (ESA) Support for PRINCE2. An Oracle White Paper June 2011 TSO. 2009a. Managing and Directing Successful Projects with PRINCE2. The Stationary Office. TSO. 2009. The Executive Guide to Directing Projects: within a PRINCE2â„ ¢ and MSP ® Environment, TSO 2009

Cross cultural differentiation on hospitality and tourism management The WritePass Journal

Cross cultural differentiation on hospitality and tourism management Cross cultural differentiation on hospitality and tourism management Introduction: Marketing strategy of Beach House Maldives: Management style:Reputation Management:Cultural Diversity:Definition of culture and organization culture:National culture and Subculture:Theories of cultural issues:Cross cultural management employee performance and benefits:Problem Analysis:Recommendation or suggestion: Conclusion: Reference:Related Introduction: In a rapidly changing environment and continuing insights into organizational effectiveness, tourism industry, as most other organizations thought about that what they do and how they can create and accomplish their goals and objectives. Once goals are defined is culture that is necessary to advance these goals and objectives and ensure the successful implementation of the necessary changes. In addition, the organizational effectiveness literature has been increasingly emphasizing the importance of culture in motivating and maximizing the value of its intellectual assets, particularly its human capital.   And it can be say that-   (1) Culture is essential for both successful organizational change and maximizing the value of human capital (2) Culture management should become a critical management competency, and (3) While the right culture may be a necessary condition for organizational success, It is by no means a sufficient condition. An important challenge for managers is to determine what the most effective culture is for their organization and, when necessary, how to change the organizational culture effectively. The Beach House Maldives has joined Waldorf Astoria Hotels Resorts. The resort was renamed by the name of ‘The Beach House Maldives. The Beach House is located on the pristine, lagoon-ringed Haa Alifu Atoll which is fringed by powder-white beaches and has un spoilt leafy jungle at its centre, the 35-acre resort comprises 83 Maldivian-style villas, three restaurants, four bars and a luxurious spa. Each villa comes complete with a private pool and butler. In 2007, this independent branded hotel has built a solid reputation for world-class luxury and quality that epitomizes the Waldorf Astoria name. The Maldives remains one of the most sought-after luxury leisure destinations in the world and it has delighted to be able to offer its guests the unique experience of Waldorf Astoria Hotels Resorts on the beautifully private and breathtaking island of Manafaru. Since 2009,1st July Hilton Worldwide management team has been in situ at the resort which has overseen a number of key developments as part of the US$58 million renovation project and now the restaurant are becoming the first Waldorf Astoria property in Asia Pacific. Their restaurants and three bars have been redesigned to incorporate local heritage and ingredients with global influences. Including over-water fine-dining restaurant Saffron, a Tapas and Sangria bar with a Maldivian edge at the Mediterranean-themed Salt Water and martinis and cocktails inspired by Waldorf Astoria properties around the world that are experience offers a local twist. Source: www. maldives beachhouse.com. They also introduced a new art gallery with a cafà © serving traditional Maldivian High Tea and also offers 30 degrees private dining in a glass floored over water pavilion. The new spa programmers, upgraded villa and restaurant interiors from UK which are based on Aromatherapy Associates, Ayurvedic philosophies are also join in this place with developments to the Kids club, and new designer boutiques. The opportunity of this hotel has always tried to introduce their tradition and their history. That’s why; the     history of the Maldives will be on offer with excursions to the nearby island of Utheem which is famous for home to a Sultan’s Palace. The resort has also been improved with a direct 75minute seaplane transfer that they offered as an alternative to a domestic flight and boat transfer. The first ever property of the Waldorf Astoria in the Asia Pacific could be found nowhere but in the Maldives. In March, 2010, The Beach House Maldives was renamed The Beach House Maldives the collection of The Waldorf Astoria. The Beach House Maldives has affiliated with legendary Waldorf Astoria Hotels and Resorts and in celebration to the newly upgraded resort‘s debut, guests from different parts of the world were invited to join its inauguration ceremony and became part in a chapter of the resort‘s exclusive history. Marketing strategy of Beach House Maldives: There is a marketing principle that states that a company cannot survive in the market without its clients. Therefore, the company always destined their significant resource to the design of innovative promotion strategies aimed at attracting new clients. The development of communication systems, especially the internet, has made it possible for products from millions of companies to reach all kinds of audiences in almost every corner of the world. Increasingly innovative and attractive web pages advertising countless products and services appear every day. A Hotel is a company and their guests are its main clients. High occupancy rates must be achieved to ensure success. Many hotels have developed unique products whose high quality standards have contributed to increasing retention and loyalty rates. Customized services offer the possibility of achieving high quality standards, generating positive overall satisfaction levels by turning the stay into a fulfilling experience in itself . All of us have been tourists in one way or another. After a pleasant experience, we have felt the need to share our trip with our family and friends. This is where one of the most important ways of promotion starts: word of mouth. Word of mouth continues to be, according to experts, the most decisive factor when it comes to choosing the destination and the place of stay. One of the main advantages of this kind of promotion lies in its low cost, as it is the guest who bears most of it: the time consumed and the interest in communicating his/her experience to a group of people who might be in turn motivated to go through it themselves. Another advantage is its high impact, as the level of credibility that a member of the family or friend has cannot be matched by any other promotion strategy, thus turning it into a powerful tool. The expectations of the new guest who chose the hotel on the basis of this kind of promotion shall be determined by the level of satisfaction experienced by the person who recommended the hotel the expectations of the new guest (real or imaginary) regarding the experience promoted. If, before the arrival of the new guest, the identity of the person who recommended the hotel is known, it is possible to determine, through the analysis of the guest’s profile, his/her level of experience and, particularly, the means by which it was attained, so that it can be reproduced or adapted to the new guest, thus ensuring the same level of service or even a better one. Therefore, the expectations of the new guest can be satisfied, turning him/her into another guest who will in turn attract more guests. There are several means by which hotel employees may obtain the identity of the guest who recommended the hotel by word of mouth: from direct questions on the on- line reservation form, polls-questionnaires or through the hotel butler while assisting the guests. This information is valuable for the hotel, as it primarily allows creating custom er valuation policies aimed at stimulating the guests’ need to share their experiences after the trip. If a guest checks out from a Hotel feeling that all his/her expectations have been met and even exceeded, he/she will become one of the company’s best allies, as his/her positive comments will attract new guests who are willing to go through the same experience themselves. Tactics and strategy which should have to be practice for managerial success in hospitality and hotel management across in a cross cultural diversify environment: Management style: In international business, culture is a critical factor in a global economy. In that case manager should need to engage in learning processes to develop international cultural competence. That’s why today’s manager has use behavioral approach. From the way managers design motivating job to work with employee teams to way they use open communication. In addition, the system approach on decision and actions taken in organizations and managers coordinate the work activities of the various part of the organization are working together so that the organization’s goal are achieved. Reputation Management:   Ã‚  Online reputation plays a huge role in the level of success achieve the majority of travelers. Today use   the internet to make travel plans, and say the reviews they read from other guests influence their buying decision Reputation management begins by   listening to what people are saying about online.   Ã‚  . Use tools like Google Alerts, Technocratic, and Radian 6 to track praise and criticism Monitor all important terms for example     hotel name, any old hotel names, restaurants, the names of manager and concierge. Review sites such as Trip Advisor, Yelp, and Qype allow management responses, and this is a good chance to participate in the conversation. A recent survey by Trip Advisor/Market Matrix found that 85% of hotels have no guidelines on how to handle negative guest reviews published online. Developing  Ã‚   response policy ahead of time, and make an effort to follow up with all feedback Complaints can be an excellent opportunity to improve hotel servi ce. If you get legitimate negative feedback,     thank the reviewer for pointing it out†¦ and explain the steps     taking to ensure it never happens again Trip Advisor: The most important thing a hotel can do to improve rankings is provide a great experience for their guests. Effective online reputation management   is more than just playing defense – it’s all about proactively building a positive buzz. Social media is a great way to begin doing this.(ISSUE HOSPITALITY MALDIVES 022 ISSUE 26). Email: Email may have taken a backseat role to social media hype, but it’s still a very powerful tool when used correctly. It is the cornerstone of permission-based relationship marketing. Email usually has higher psychological value than other types of online communication. Email is an effective branding tool for creating top-of-mind awareness Email drives action and profits Messages don’t always have to be sent to guests and customers. Build systems to nurture partner relationships. Fairmont Hotels sends nearly half of their newsletters for other business partners. You must create your lists organically with the explicit permission of your prospects. Always provide a strong benefit for the person signing up for your list. Receiving updates (marketing messages) alone isn’t usually a very strong offer. Exclusive discounts also preferred for attract the customer. Customs and cultural difference: Maldives is a place of very hospitable for visit. Here people are always take care to avoid religious offence. They are always concern about religion and culture, they learn about local rules and values even they also keep knowledge about some of language. In a word they are so much sensitive to cultural difference. Their patience, friendliness, and courtesy have won the respect and confidence to the customer. In this hotel, people come from different countries and they discover the beauty and harmony of the country because their staff and manager are always most welcoming. Entertainment: The Beach house of Maldives has its own restaurant, bar, water sport facilities, health club, and spa. The hotel also organizes the Maldives traditional folk music and dance. Environmental Responsibility: Global warming and increase the sea level pose are great threats for this island people. This hotel management always concern about this issue and that does why they play a role in National Environmental action plan for protect the nation’s coral reefs, marine life, and its land surface. Government policy: The Maldivian government has strict anti drugs policy. Alcohol is only permitted only one the resorts island and not in the other inhabited island. Food and Drink: Maldives beach house is offer spicy blend of Arabic, Indian, Sri Lanka, and oriental flavors with fish, mainly tuna a favorite dish. This resorts usually have international cuisine and their local dishes as a part of their buffets. Language and Religion: The Republic Maldives is a Islamic state and their language is Dhivehi. But English is also widely by the Maldivians to make easy for communicate with visitor. In this beach house staff speaks several other languages including French, German, Italian and Japanese.   Research OBJECTIVES: I propose to review  Ã‚   how managing diversity can create a competitive advantage, with a focus on human resources, marketing success, creativity and innovation, problem-solving quality and organizational flexibility. These six dimensions of business performance are directly impacted by management of cultural diversity. In this review the following goals and objectives are achieved- Critically evaluate theories of leadership and motivation. Critically evaluate theories relating to managing cultural diversity, how these theories apply to the chosen organisation and what can be import end/changed in the light of the theories. Cultural Diversity: Definition of culture and organization culture: There are verities of definitions of culture. According to Sathe(1984;68)†culture is asset of a important understandings that members of a community share in common.† Organizational culture refers to a pattern of beliefs, values, and learns with experience the course of a organization’s history and in behavior of its members. National culture and Subculture: National culture defines by that people from different countries may be influenced by cultural difference in their work environment. It is important to understand people’s different cultural backgrounds. Subculture can be identified as understandings, behaviors and culture forms that characterize as distinctive group within an organizations (Trice,1993;85). In tourism sector, the company motivates each subculture to develop its own cultural life to understanding other cultural grouping so that the subcultures are developed. Theories of cultural issues: Culture presents the biggest challenge to businesses working internationally shared by beliefs, norms and values. Culture influences management also including negotiation tactics, decision making, and rewards and recognition programs. According to Geert Hofstede, culture is more often a source of conflict than sof synergy. Cultural differences are nuisance at best and often a disaster. In that case, such dimensions do explain the behavior with respect to how cultural differtiation interact with this tourism business. Hofstede’s five cultural dimensions (source: Greet Hofstede cultural dimension website, greet-hofstede.com) Culture dimension   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Value Definition Power distanceIndividualism Uncertainty avoidance Masculinity/Femininity The degree of equality, or inequality, between people in the country’s society.Degree to which a society reinforces individual or collective achievement and interpersonal relationship. The extent to which people feel threatened by ambiguous situations and have created institutions and beliefs for minimizing or avoiding those uncertainties. The degree to which â€Å"masculine† values like performance, success, and material things and â€Å"feminine† values like quality of life, caring, service, personal relationship. Maldives work values: The Individualism is low and collectivism is high in Maldives culture. Hofsted indicates that a positive relation between individualism and per capita GNP( Gross Nation Product). Individualism may be increase in Maldives. Uncertainty Avoidance, this dimension define when the workers are respective to different ideas and opinions or feel threats. This dimension is too clear in Maldives because they are traditionally been ruled by men rather than the rules. In Maldives the uncertainty Avoidance with strong desire to maintain social order. Masculinity/Feminists, this dimension describes how assertive and acquisitive worker were in a materialistic sense In Maldives. Hofsted studies had medium score for this dimension. For example, Maldives managers score high in masculinity. With high power distance countries like Maldives, managers should make autocratic decisions and they have business structures that are typified by close control of operations and fairly weak work ethic. However, the biggest problem of this organization is cultural awareness which may cause of problem. If service managers are unaware of core cultural expectations of customers it will result in a gap in performance of service. Role of Manager  in Beach House of Maldives: Managers are expected to provide instruction, guidance, advice and encouragement to help taem members to improve their performance. The managers in this beach house are always be alert about their duty and they know that their job is specially to guide the employees in order to fulfill their responsibilities and to adjust to the new cultural and physical environment. Managers are concern and respond that handling the uncertainties. They have also ability to checking quality of the product and transferring technical knowledge about product. Cross cultural management employee performance and benefits: Beach house Maldives usually involves service and dealings with consumers from different cultures. The organization has tended to keep a culture alive and measure the cultural fit between the organization and its employees. The human resource practices such as section, performance, training, and career development reinforce the organization’s culture. Beach House of Maldives beliefs also tend to influence the work norms, and communication practices.   This research indicates that cross culturally aware management provide their culturally diverse service. They are able to provide their serving styles to meet the needs of their foreign customers. To provide best service for customer they associated the following steps- Free training programmes for members Marketing and promotion and implementation of quality. Management should effort much on different cultural staff and train the staff to hospitalized the guest. Problem Analysis: What’s the suit ion being create if the tourism and hospitality related Hotel Company not familiar with a foreign culture? We know about that how   American mega-investor Kirk Kerkorian sued DaimlerChrysler for after their German chairman, Jà ¼rgen Schrempf had bragged in a Financial Times interview that the merger between the two companies are officially promoted as a ‘merger of equals’ was really no more than a takeover.   The case is still in court but a similar class-action suit by other investors has already been settled by the company for $300 million. Technically, the issue was a legal one but however, what got DaimlerChrysler into trouble was that Schrempf lacked the cultural sensitivity and experience to realize that in the US, they won’t get away with that of their two faced-behaviors.   The same act would expectably have much less dramatic consequences in his home country. Microsoft reported losing several millions of dollars in India, the Arab world, and in South America because of cultural mistakes in some versions of their Windows program.   Incorrect maps, poor translations that introduced offensive language, and other inappropriate material offended locals and in some cases led to government action.   The company had to recall the affected versions, replacing huge quantities of its software packages.   A spokesman admitted that some of our employees, however bright they may be, have only a hazy idea about the rest of the world.   As a consequence, Microsoft now sends their staff to dedicated training classes. A large high-tech corporation lost more than $10 million in development costs and missed market opportunities when they set up two of their international teams, one in Israel and one in Japan, to directly compete with each other in the same project, developing an important new product.   What the division’s manager was not aware of was that in many cultures, such an approach sends a message to the team that it is incompetent and cannot be trusted.   Rather than serving as a motivator as it might have in the U.S., the decision led to low morale, increased turnover, and poor results in both countries.   The project had to be stopped and re-initiated. Fortunately, most cross-cultural blunders are less severe, or at least less costly, then in these examples. Nevertheless, the list still goes on and on about how businesses waste money and miss opportunities because of a lack of international experience or preparation. What Goes Wrong There are three fundamental ways in which hospitality and tourism hotel business interactions and engagements fail or become more costly these are following in below- Failure to cross the culture gap: The interaction falls because the parties involved are unable to make a relation the culture gap between them.   Many negotiations end at this stage.  They asked always too much and expect to optimum service or keep a statement that never trusts others because they lived up their promises. These statements might be provides the end of such failed attempts.   Most of the time, these negotiations may be fall in the trace back to poor mutual understanding and faulty initial assumptions rather than bad intentions on either side. â€Å"Competition†:   The cross-cultural interaction limps along, but the parties involved fail to communicate effectively and to build sufficient trust between them.   As a result, the competitive element outweighs the cooperative one, introducing issues over contracts terms, intellectual property, budgets and payments, and so on.   This case is both more common and more devastating than the previous one.   Rather than adding value to a company’s global business strategy, such an engagement can become a major distraction from its key objectives and cause a lot of damage. Limited collaboration:   The parties have to involve with each other the ways of communicate and interact. However, they never fully trust each other.   In many foreign cultures, people will not make any major business commitments unless a strong business relationship has been established and they feel that the partner can be fully trusted.  In this beach house hotel may be more at ease here because its culture encourages a competitiveness that maintains an element of rivalry business partners are used to.   Dealing with foreign partners thus represents a bigger challenge if the goal is to achieve extensive collaboration. Recommendation or suggestion: Common Causes Six elements can be identified that make or break the success of a global business in tourism and hospitality sector.   All of them are ultimately linked back to people’s to understand the issue of cross culture. 1. Strategic Objectives Objective is the main power point for any company. However, many international business interactions suffer from poorly defined objectives.   Strategy, goals and approach all need to be set with the target in mind about culture. Culture’s values, strengths, and preferences can be a long term strategic objectives and tactics if it being realized that they are well aligned with others culture. 2.Approach Like any other running business, the properly planning approach has gain a success in cross-cultural interactions. Strategic objectives need to be translated into a plan of action that defines steps, timing, roles, and responsibilities.   That plan must also take into account the specific preferences and sensitivities of the targeted culture.   Ad-hoc approaches in foreign countries have a very limited chance of success. 3.Negotiation Negotiating in a different cultural context is one of the most difficult and toughest challenges in international business.   What is really effective and what is the most considered inappropriate varies greatly between countries.   At the time, the stakes are usually high and make any mistakes which approach costly. Finding someone best and most skilled negotiators won’t help much unless they are well-prepared.  If they lack a thorough understanding of the other culture, the company may be in for a business disaster. 4.   Leadership Once a cross-cultural engagement the leadership are more focused because behind this visionary leadership becomes pivotal.   Leaders will need to consistently demonstrate that they are serious about the situation and willing to work through the cultural differences. They have to take a strong commitment as well as they have to need the accurate skills to identify the sensitive areas and have to act appropriately to build and maintain trust. Executives or middle managers who maintain an â€Å"us-versus-them† attitude can cause huge damage.   Extensive communication both within the own camp and with the foreign side is also essential and requires constant leadership attention. 5.   Facilitation The importance of relationship and trust building triggers a need for proper facilitation throughout the engagement.   While early in the interactions senior leaders often drive the progress, they may have to become less involved once the engagement is under way.   At that point, it becomes essential that a facilitator be assigned who continues to build the relationship.   Sending an expatriate who lives in the foreign country can be very effective, but only if he or she is sensitive and well familiar with the specific culture.   Companies not paying attention to this aspect frequently find their employees inadvertently triggering confrontations that hurt the business relationship. 6. Team Preparation Well-defined strategy and good leadership are not enough to make global business interactions successful.  It also essential to get support and help from all team member because they are involved in business and they have taken a important part in hotel business sector. Without proper preparation for the engagement, cooperation will likely be poor and concerns may prevail.   The objective has to be to get both sides into the right mindset, opening up to the engagement as an opportunity rather than viewing it a threat.   Again, it will be very important to understand and address any cultural differences.   Aspects such as how to motivate a team can differ significantly and may dictate a new approach in a foreign culture. Organizational culture must now take into account: â™ ¦ The organization must be proactive, not just reactive. â™ ¦ The organization must influence and manage the environment, not just adapt. â™ ¦ The organization must be pragmatic, not idealistic. â™ ¦ The organization must be future-oriented, not predominantly present/past oriented. â™ ¦ The organization must embrace diversity, not uniformity. â™ ¦ The organization must be relationship-oriented, not just task-oriented. â™ ¦ The organization must embrace external connectivity, as well as promote internal integration. These fundamental assumptions are key to eliminating obstacles that will inhibit the kinds of internal and external organizational adaptations necessary for future success. They are not, however, sufficient. They must be reinforced by values, behavioral norms and patterns, artifacts and symbols, as well as accompanied by a particular mission, set of goals, and strategies. Conclusion: As Globalization accelerates business around the world, companies are realizing that proper preparation for international business is a mandatory step that has a strong positive impact on the bottom line.   Effective communication and trust building are the primary factors in making a foreign engagement successful.   They are influenced by several elements that take careful planning and orchestration.   While this requires significant efforts, it is critical to the business success, and the tradeoff between costs and benefits is clearly favorable. Hospitality and Tourism industry grows globally, as the managers are exposed to more and more cross cultural dealings, as the workforce become more and more diverse, then the cultural values increase, as the customer become more knowledgeable about the environment around them, it all generates challenges for the managers. So managers should recognized and acted upon for the success of business. Reference: Alan M. Rugman and Richard M. Hodgetts,(2003). International Business.3rd ed. Pearson education ltd. Calori, R Sarnin, P.(1991). Corporate   Culture and Economic performance: A French study, Oganization Studies,12(1);49-74. Chatman, J. A. Jehn,   K. A.(1994). Assessing the Relationship between Industry   Characteristics and Organizational Culture: How Different Can You Be? The Journal of Management,37:522-553. Deal, T.E Kennedy, A.A.(1982). Corporate Cultures. Menlo Park: Addition Wesley publishing Co. Geof Lancaster and Lan Waddelow,(1998). Strategic Marketing Planning. Journal of Marketing management.14.853-878 Hamel, G and C.K Prahalad,(1994). C ompeting for Future Boston: Harvard business school press. Schien, E. H.(1992). Organaizational Culture and Leadership, 2nd Edition. San Francisco; Jossey-Bass. Stephen P. Robbins/ Mary Coulter.(2004-2005). Management.8th edition. Pearson Education LTD. WWW. Maldives beach house.com. [/level-freee-rstricted]